据今日油价网站5月6日消息 美国能源信息署（EIA）周四表示，由于经济上对新冠疫情的反应，美国能源产量去年下降了5%，创下有记录以来的最大年降幅。

　　根据EIA的月度能源评论，去年美国的能源产量降至略低于96万亿英热单位（quads），比2019年创纪录的产量下降了5%。绝对值的下降是有记录以来美国能源产量最大的年度下降，而这种下降主要是由于这场疫情，其大幅削减了对能源的需求。

　　EIA通过将能源转换成普通的热量单位（Btu）来计算和比较以不同物理单位（如桶或立方英尺）报告的不同类型的能源。

　　EIA今年早些时候表示，由于油价低迷导致钻探活动锐减，美国原油产量去年下降了近100万桶/日，创下历史上最大年度降幅。

　　2020年，美国原油平均产量为1130万桶/日，与2019年创纪录的1220万桶/日的年均产量相比下降了93.5万桶/日，降幅为8%。

　　据EIA估计，美国原油产量在2020年1月达到峰值1280万桶/日后不到两个月，3月份油价暴跌，导致随后几个月停产，5月份达到2020年的最低月平均产量，当时美国产量仅为1000万桶/日。

　　美国EIA表示，去年美国煤炭产量也创下有记录以来的最大年降幅，降幅达25%，不到11万亿英热单位。

　　天然气产量在2020年也下降了0.6万亿英热单位，下降了2%。

　　然而，EIA称，由于风能和太阳能发电量增加，美国可再生能源产量在2020年增长了2%，达到创纪录的11.8万亿英热单位。

　　王磊 摘译自 今日油价

　　原文如下：

　　U.S. Energy Production Saw Steepest Drop On Record In 2020

　　Due to economic responses to the pandemic, U.S. energy production dropped by 5 percent last year, marking the steepest annual decline on record, the U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) said on Thursday.

　　Last year, energy production in the United States fell to just below 96 quadrillion British thermal units (quads), a 5-percent decline from the record production in 2019, according to EIA’s Monthly Energy Review. The decline in absolute terms was the largest annual decrease in U.S. energy production on record, and this decline was primarily due to the pandemic, which slashed demand for energy.

　　The EIA calculates and compares different types of energy reported in different physical units such as barrels or cubic feet by converting sources of energy to common units of heat, called British thermal units (Btu).

　　Due to plunging drilling activity amid low oil prices, U.S. crude oil production fell by nearly 1 million barrels per day (bpd) last year, registering the largest annual decline in history, the EIA said earlier this year.

　　In 2020, U.S. crude oil production averaged 11.3 million bpd, dropping by 935,000 bpd—or 8 percent—compared to the record-high annual average of 12.2 million bpd in 2019.

　　Less than two months after American crude oil production reached a peak of 12.8 million bpd in January 2020, oil prices collapsed in March, leading to production shut-ins over the following months, and to the lowest average monthly production for 2020 in May, when U.S. output was just 10 million bpd, according to EIA’s estimates.

　　U.S. coal production also booked its largest annual decline on record last year, falling by 25 percent to less than 11 quads, the EIA said today.

　　Natural gas production also dropped in 2020, by 0.6 quads, or by 2 percent.

　　U.S. renewable energy production, however, rose by 2 percent to a record-high 11.8 quads in 2020, due to higher electricity generation from wind and solar, the EIA said.

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