据今日油价网站8月5日消息 美国能源信息管理局（EIA）周四表示，去年美国石油消耗量降至1810万桶/日，为25年来最低水平。

　　与一年前相比，2020年运输行业的石油消费量下降了15%，创下了历史新高。EIA在去年按来源和行业划分的美国石油产品消费新估计中表示，每个能源消费行业的石油消费量都有所下降。

　　在美国，汽油消耗量和其他燃料消耗量下降的主要原因是航空运输业，尤其是汽油消耗量下降。

　　EIA数据显示，去年美国消费量最大的石油产品汽车汽油的消费量下降了14%，降至800万桶/日，这是自1997年以来美国汽油消费量的最低水平。去年，汽油占美国石油消费总量的44%。运输行业占车用汽油消费量的96%，而工业和商业行业则占其余部分。

　　与2019年相比，2020年柴油消耗量也下降了8%。

　　去年，柴油占美国石油消费量的21%。通常，四分之三以上的柴油用于运输行业的卡车、轮船和火车。

　　航空燃料消耗量下降幅度最大，达62%，上一次下降是在1983年。去年，航空燃料和航空汽油占美国石油总消耗量的6%。

　　总的来说，EIA上个月的估计显示，美国石油、天然气和煤炭消费量在2020年下降了9%，达到1991年以来的最低水平，标志着美国化石燃料消费量在绝对值和百分比上的年降幅至少为1949年以来最大，占美国化石燃料消耗量的44%，与2019年相比，去年下降了13%。

　　王磊 摘译自 今日油价

　　原文如下：

　　U.S. Oil Consumption Dropped To 25-Year Low In 2020

　　U.S. petroleum consumption declined to 18.1 million barrels per day (bpd) last year, the lowest level in 25 years, the Energy Information Administration (EIA) said on Thursday.

　　Petroleum consumption in the transportation sector plunged by a record-breaking 15 percent in 2020 compared to a year earlier. Oil consumption declined in every single energy-consuming sector, the EIA said in new estimates of U.S. petroleum products consumption by source and sector for last year.

　　Lockdowns and other measures to contain COVID across the United States in 2020 were the key reason for lower petroleum consumption, especially in the transportation sector where consumption of gasoline, diesel, and jet fuel plunged.

　　Consumption of the most consumed petroleum product in the U.S., motor gasoline, slumped by 14 percent to 8 million bpd last year, which was the lowest level of gasoline consumption in the country since 1997, EIA data showed. Gasoline accounted for as much as 44 percent of total U.S. petroleum consumption last year. The transportation sector makes up 96 percent of the motor gasoline consumption, while the industrial and commercial sectors consume the rest.

　　Diesel fuel consumption also fell, by 8 percent in 2020 compared to 2019.

　　Diesel accounted for 21 percent of U.S. petroleum consumption last year. Typically, over three-quarters of all diesel fuel is used by trucks, ships, and trains in the transportation sector.

　　Jet fuel consumption saw the steepest decline, by 62 percent, to levels last seen in 1983. Jet fuel and aviation gasoline accounted for 6 percent of total U.S. petroleum consumption last year.

　　Overall, EIA estimates showed last month that U.S. consumption of petroleum, natural gas, and coal slumped by 9 percent in 2020, reaching the lowest level since 1991 and marking the largest annual decrease in U.S. fossil fuel consumption in both absolute and percentage terms since at least 1949. Demand for petroleum products, which accounted for 44 percent of fossil fuel consumption in the United States, plunged by 13 percent last year compared to 2019.

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