据世界天然气3月18日消息称，咨询公司伍德麦肯兹周四表示，撒哈拉以南非洲地区是全球能源利用率最低的地区，该地区需要3500亿美元的投资，其中五分之一需要脱离电网，才能在二十一世纪十年末实现普及电力。

根据非洲开发银行集团的数据，超过6.4亿非洲人无法获得能源，这相当于非洲国家的电力接入率仅略高于40%，是世界上最低的。该银行集团表示，撒哈拉以南非洲（不包括南非）的人均能源消耗为 180 千瓦时，而美国和欧洲的人均能源消费量分别为1.3万千瓦时和6500千瓦时。

该公司称，非洲电气化是能源行业未来面临的重大挑战之一，而实现这一目标的方式可能会塑造电力公司的下一代商业模式。

能源转型实践的首席分析师 Benjamin Attia 说：“能源的未来可能在非洲形成。”

Attia补充说:“撒哈拉以南非洲公用事业商业模式的发展，无论是电网上还是电网外，都将从根本上改变全球电力需求的轨迹，对能源转型至关重要。”

非洲持续缺乏电力供应的部分原因是到目前为止基础设施投资严重不足。此外，非洲大部分公用事业都在亏损经营，没有资金来扩大和改善电力供应。

面对这些挑战，非洲可以利用可再生能源和创新商业模式成本下降的机会。 

Attia说:“分散的、自下而上的太阳能和储能电网不仅可以改变撒哈拉以南非洲的能源未来，而且为全球下一代公用事业商业模式的思考提供了重要的教训。”

据估计，非洲拥有1000吉瓦太阳能的巨大潜力。然而，截至 2020 年，其实际装机容量仅为 10.58 吉瓦。

曹海斌 摘译自 油价网

原文如下：

Africa’s Electrification Needs $350 Billion Investment By 2030

Sub-Saharan Africa, the region with the lowest universal access to energy, needs $350 billion in investments, one-fifth of which needs to be off the grid, to achieve universal electricity access by the end of this decade, Wood Mackenzie said on Thursday.  

According to the African Development Bank Group, more than 640 million Africans have no access to energy, which corresponds to an electricity access rate for African countries at just above 40 percent, the lowest in the world. Per capita consumption of energy in sub-Saharan Africa, excluding South Africa, is 180 kWh, compared to 13,000 kWh per capita in the United States and 6,500 kWh in Europe, the bank group says.

Electrifying Africa is one of the big challenges ahead for the energy industry, and the way it is being pursued could shape the next generation of the business models of power companies, according to WoodMac.

“The future of energy may be forged in Africa,” said Benjamin Attia, a principal analyst with Wood Mackenzie’s Energy Transition Practice.

“The evolution of sub-Saharan Africa’s utility business model, both on and off the grid, will fundamentally reshape the trajectory of global electricity demand and will be essential to the energy transition,” Attia added.

The persistent lack of electricity access in Africa is partly due to massive underinvestment in infrastructure so far, according to WoodMac. In addition, a large part of the utilities in Africa are operating at a loss and do not have the capital to expand and improve the power supply.

Faced with these challenges, Africa could take advantage of the decline in the costs of renewable energy and of innovative business models, Wood Mackenzie said. 

“Decentralised, bottom-up, solar-and-storage grids could not only transform sub-Saharan Africa’s energy future but carry important lessons for the next generation of thinking on utility business models globally,” WoodMac’s Attia said.

Africa is estimated to have massive potential for 1,000 GW of solar power. Its actual installed capacity as of 2020, however, was barely 10.58 GW.?