据油价网12月3日消息称，今年，美国成为世界上最大的液化天然气(LNG)出口国，向欧洲和亚洲急需能源的买家提供的天然气数量激增。今年，五家开发商签署了20多份长期协议，向欧洲和亚洲急需能源的买家提供超过3000万吨/年的液化天然气。正如能源分析机构RBN energy所指出的，第一波液化天然气出口扩张基本上进展顺利，这要归功于美国48个州天然气供应的快速增长，以及一系列管道建设市场的逆转和扩张，使低成本的马塞勒斯-尤蒂卡天然气供应能够抵达墨西哥湾沿岸市场。但随着液化天然气需求已经很高，并将以疯狂的速度增长，最大的问题是美国能以多快的速度提高产量，以满足未来的需求?

美国多家天然气生产商签署的长期承购协议并不缺乏。

今年6月，德国公用事业公司EnBW宣布与总部位于美国的出口商Venture Global签署了一份为期20年的大量液化天然气供应协议。同月，雪佛龙公司与Venture Global和Tellurian Inc.签署了年产400万吨的液化天然气承购协议。Tellurian公司与大宗商品贸易商维多集团签署了液化天然气买卖协议（SPA）。7月，Cheniere Energy与泰国国有能源公司PTT签署了承购协议。去年9月，澳大利亚能源巨头伍德赛德能源集团最终敲定了从美国联邦液化天然气供应的承购协议。

曹海斌 摘译自 油价网

原文如下：

U.S. LNG Is Booming, But Who Supplies The Gas?

This year, the United States became the world's biggest liquefied natural gas (LNG) exporter as deliveries to energy-starved buyers in Europe and Asia surged. In the current year, five developers have signed over 20 long-term deals to supply more than 30 million metric tons/year of LNG to energy-starved buyers in Europe and Asia. As energy analysts RBN Energy notes, the first wave of LNG export expansion has mostly gone smoothly thanks to fast-rising natural gas supplies in the Lower 48 and a slew of pipeline reversals and expansions that allowed low-cost Marcellus-Utica gas supplies to reach Gulf Coast markets. But with LNG demand already high and set to grow at a frenetic pace, the big question becomes how quickly can the United States ramp up production to meet future demand?

There’s been no shortage of long-term offtake deals signed by multiple U.S. gas producers.

In June, German utility EnBW announced that it had signed a 20-year deal for a substantial supply of LNG from U.S.-based exporter Venture Global. In the same month,Chevron Inc. (NYSE: CVX) signed a 4mtpa LNG offtake deal with Venture Global and Tellurian Inc. (NYSE: TELL) signed an LNG sales and purchase agreement (SPA) with commodity trader Vitol. In July, Cheniere Energy (NYSE: LNG) signed an offtake deal with Thailand's state-owned energy company PTT. Finally, in September, Australian energy giant Woodside Energy Group Ltd finalized offtake agreements for U.S. supply from Commonwealth LNG.