据能源网2022年6月1日墨西哥城报道，据美国彭博新闻社旗下的研究机构彭博经济(Bloomberg Economics)估计，目前墨西哥的汽油和柴油补贴是石油生产商从原油价格上涨中获得的额外利润的两倍多，这表明墨西哥保持廉价国内燃料需求的负担越来越重。 

根据彭博经济的费利佩·埃尔南德斯的计算，由于全球燃料价格上涨，墨西哥5月份汽油和柴油补贴预计总计约23.9亿美元，而墨西哥国家石油公司（Pemex）同期原油出口收入可能不到补贴的一半，为10.4亿美元。

一名来自墨西哥财政部的发言人没有回复记者的置评请求。今年3月份，墨西哥财政部长曾对彭博新闻社表示，尽管汽油和柴油价格上涨，但由于墨西哥也受益于更高的石油收入，墨西哥政府有足够的空间来减免能源税。  

墨西哥是一个主要的原油出口国，每天向从日本到印度的客户运送大约100万桶原油。墨西哥拥有6家正在运营的地方炼油厂，另一家炼油厂位于美国，为全国炼油系统提供资金，还有一家炼油厂正在建设中。虽然墨西哥政府的目标是最终生产全国所有的燃料，但这些炼油厂长期投资不足，而Pemex的国内销售仍有近一半依赖外国汽油。

李峻 编译自 能源网

原文如下：

Mexico Fuel Subsidy Is Now Costing More Than Oil Export Profits

Mexico’s gasoline and diesel subsidies are now costing the government more than double the extra profit the oil producer gets from higher crude prices, according to estimates by Bloomberg Economics, a sign of the growing burden to keep its cheap domestic fuel plea.

Gasoline and diesel subsidies are expected to total about $2.39 billion during May amid a global fuel price rally, while the windfall from the state-owned oil company’s crude exports is likely to be less than half of that, at $1.04 billion, according to calculations by Bloomberg Economics’s Felipe Hernandez. 

A spokesperson from the Finance Ministry didn’t respond to a request for comment. Finance Minister had told Bloomberg News in March that the government has legroom to provide energy tax relief even if the cost of gasoline and diesel rises as Mexico also benefits from higher oil revenue. 

Mexico is a major crude exporter, shipping about one million barrels of oil a day to clients from Japan to India. It boasts six local refineries in operation, another in the US that contributes to the national refining system, and an eighth under construction. While the government’s goal is to eventually produce all of the nation’s fuel, the plants have suffered from chronic underinvestment and Pemex, as the national oil company is known, is still dependent on foreign gasoline for almost half of its domestic sales.